Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers, and while it’s more frequently associated with women, both men and women can develop breast cancer.

What is Breast Cancer?

Breast cancer happens when the cells in the breast start growing abnormally. These cells can form a tumor, which may be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body, making early detection critical.

Breast Cancer in Women

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally, aside from skin cancer. In the United States, about 1 in 8 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime.

Risk Factors for Women:

• Age: Most cases occur in women over 50.
• Family History: Having close relatives with breast cancer can increase the risk.
• Genetics: Mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes significantly raise the risk.
• Lifestyle: Obesity, lack of exercise, and alcohol consumption can increase the likelihood of developing breast cancer.

Symptoms in Women:

Recognizing symptoms early can lead to more successful treatment. Key signs to watch for include:

• A lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
• Changes in breast size or shape
• Nipple discharge
• Skin changes, such as dimpling, redness, or scaling around the breast
• Pain in the breast or nipple area

Regular mammograms starting around age 40 or earlier if they are at high risk. Breast cancer that is detected early is much more treatable. Regular screenings can help catch the disease before it spreads.

Breast Cancer in Men

Breast cancer in men is much rarer but still occurs. About 1 in 833 men in the U.S. will be diagnosed with breast cancer. While men do not have as much breast tissue as women, they can still develop the disease, and it can be just as serious.

Risk Factors for Men:

• Age: Breast cancer in men is more common in those over 60.
• Family History: Men with relatives who have had breast cancer are at higher risk.
• Genetic Mutations: Men with mutations in the BRCA2 gene are at greater risk.
• Radiation Exposure: Prior radiation therapy to the chest can increase the risk.

Symptoms in Men:

Men should not ignore any unusual changes in their breast area. Symptoms include:

• A lump or swelling, usually painless
• Changes to the skin around the breast, such as dimpling or redness
• Nipple retraction (turning inward) or discharge
• Pain or discomfort in the breast area

Since men are less likely to consider the possibility of breast cancer, it’s important to be aware of these symptoms and seek medical advice early. Men who are at higher risk due to genetics or family history should also speak with their doctor about possible screening options.

Conclusion

Breast cancer affects both men and women, though in different ways. Regardless of gender, it’s essential to pay attention to any changes in the breast area and seek medical advice when necessary. By staying informed and proactive, we can all contribute to reducing the impact of breast cancer in our communities.